ExFAT Implementation Notes
Note: Need to add links to this, and probably some exFAT stuff in general to the wiki when this page is done.
Contents
Introduction
Disk Unit Addressing
Like FAT, exFAT saves file content in clusters, which are groupings of consecutive sectors (512-bytes each). It has the same problems as FAT in using these clusters as the addressable units, so like FAT the solution is to use sectors as the addressable unit instead. See FAT_Implementation_Notes#Disk_Unit_Addressing for more information.
Metadata Addressing
Again, exFAT shares the same problems discussed in FAT_Implementation_Notes#Metadata_Addressing, and the same solution is used. Note that normal exFAT files have at least three directory entry structures (more the longer the filename is), so the metadata addresses will increase by three or more for files in the same directory.
mmls and Partition Codes
ExFAT shares the same partition code as NTFS, so the string displayed by mmls for type 0x07 is now "NTFS / exFAT (0x07)". See http://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/partitions/partition_types-1.html
fsstat and FAT Chains
Like FAT, exFAT does have FAT chains. However, they are only used to keep track of clusters for fragmented files. Printing a list of FAT Chains in fsstat could give the incorrect impression that those were the only allocated sectors, so it was decided that this part of the output should be hidden for exFAT.
Time Information
ExFAT stores the local time in its timestamp fields, so the notes in FAT_Implementation_Notes#Notes_on_Timezones also apply here. However, exFAT does add some additional issues.
Timezones
Mac OS differences
Through analysis, it was found that exFAT images created on Mac OS store time information differently than the Windows versions.
